Segal - George Segal

Japanese: シーガル - しーがる(英語表記)George Segal
Segal - George Segal

American sculptor. Born in New York, he studied painting at Cooper Union and New York University. In 1953, he became acquainted with Allan Kaprow and later participated in happenings with his fellow pop art colleagues. In 1961, he exhibited works in which he made plaster casts directly from the human body. The following year, he exhibited his work at the New Realists exhibition at the Sydney Janis Gallery, along with Andy Warhol and Roy Lichtenstein. Many pop art artists use techniques that are more appropriately called plastic artists or three-dimensional artists than sculptors, and Segal is a prime example of this. He takes white plaster casts directly from the bodies of his wives and friends, like empty shells, and places them in environmental devices on the street or indoors. He accurately reproduces the desolate, artificial scenes of the city, such as movie theater ticket booths, neon signs, elevators, and restaurants, and the life-sized plaster casts placed inside them stand out like white cutouts against the dark background. The white sculptures of the city's crowds have a mysterious look and exude a sense of loneliness. In 1971, instead of casting the outside of plaster bandages as before, he began pouring plaster into the inside of the bandages, which allowed him to express facial expressions and wrinkles in clothing more realistically. Although he was a pop artist, his environmental sculptures have something in common with American scene paintings by artists such as Edward Hopper, who preferred to depict urban loneliness. In 1997, he was awarded the Sculpture category of the Japanese Praemium Imperiale. He continued to create works in a New Jersey chicken farm that he inherited from his father, but he died in 2000 at the age of 75.

[Koichiro Ishizaki]

"George Segal Exhibition: Still American Scene," edited by Seibu Museum of Art and others (1982, Contemporary Sculpture Center)""George Segal, by Phyllis Tuchman, translated by Sakai Tadayasu and Mizusawa Tsutomu (1990, Bijutsu Shuppansha)""Invitation to Contemporary Art," by Sugawara Takeshi (1991, Shinhyoron)""Contemporary Art: Segal" (1993, Kodansha)"George Segal Exhibition Catalogue," edited by Sezon Museum of Art and others (1996, Sezon Museum of Art)""Sam Hunter, Don HawthorneGeorge Segal (1984, Rizzoli, New York)""Sam HunterGeorge Segal (1989, Rizzoli, New York)"

[References] | American Scene Paintings | Warhol | Kaprow | Happenings | Hopper | Pop Art | Lichtenstein

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカの彫刻家。ニューヨークに生まれ、クーパー・ユニオン、ニューヨーク大学などで絵画を学ぶ。1953年アラン・カプローの知己を得て、のちのポップ・アート仲間によるハプニングに参加。61年には人体から直接石膏(せっこう)で型取りした作品を発表した。翌62年シドニー・ジャニス画廊で開かれた「ニューリアリスツ」展にアンディ・ウォーホルやロイ・リクテンスタインらとともに出品。ポップ・アートの美術家には、彫刻家とよぶより造型作家、立体作家とよぶほうがふさわしい手法をとる者も多いが、シーガルはその代表格であり、妻や友人の身体から直接白い石膏像を抜け殻のように取り出して、街頭や室内の環境的装置のなかに配置する。映画館の切符売り場、ネオンサイン、エレベーター、食堂などの都市の荒涼とした人工的光景が正確に再現され、その内部に置かれた等身大の石膏像が暗い背景に白い切り抜き絵のように際だって映る。都市の群像を型取った白い立体像はどこか神秘的な表情をもち、孤独な寂寥(せきりょう)感を漂わせる。71年からは、それまでのように石膏の包帯の外側を型取るのではなく、包帯の内側に石膏を流し込む手法によって、表情や衣類のしわなどがさらにリアルに表現されるようになった。ポップ・アーティストではあるが、その環境彫刻は、都市の孤独を好んで描いたエドワード・ホッパーなどのアメリカン・シーン絵画に通じるものがある。97年(平成9)日本の世界文化賞・彫刻部門を受賞。父から譲り受けたニュー・ジャージー州の養鶏場をアトリエとして制作を続けていたが、2000年75歳で死去。

[石崎浩一郎]

『西武美術館ほか編『ジョージ・シーガル展 静止するアメリカン・シーン』(1982・現代彫刻センター)』『フィリス・タックマン著、酒井忠康・水沢勉訳『ジョージ・シーガル』(1990・美術出版社)』『菅原猛著『現代美術への招待』(1991・新評論)』『『現代美術 シーガル』(1993・講談社)』『セゾン美術館ほか編『ジョージ・シーガル展カタログ』(1996・セゾン美術館)』『Sam Hunter, Don HawthorneGeorge Segal(1984, Rizzoli, New York)』『Sam HunterGeorge Segal(1989, Rizzoli, New York)』

[参照項目] | アメリカン・シーン絵画 | ウォーホル | カプロー | ハプニング | ホッパー | ポップ・アート | リクテンスタイン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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