This refers to bonds issued by government agencies, independent administrative institutions, special corporations, etc. (government agency bonds) in which the government guarantees the repayment of principal and payment of interest. Also called government-guaranteed bonds. In principle, the government is prohibited from guaranteeing the debts of companies and other legal entities under Article 3 of the Financial Assistance Restriction Act. As an exception, the institutions that can issue government-guaranteed bonds are limited to those designated by the Minister of Finance (the Minister of Internal Affairs and Communications in the case of guarantee contracts by local governments). The conditions for designation are that the institution is engaged in a highly public and public-interest business that plays a part in the administration, and that the execution of business and financial accounting are closely supervised by the government. The founding laws of each institution must include provisions for issuing bonds and provisions that state that the government can enter into debt guarantee contracts. Specifically, the Japan Finance Corporation, the Japan Expressway Holding and Debt Repayment Corporation, and the Development Bank of Japan are able to issue government-guaranteed bonds. The general budget provisions of the general account stipulate the upper limit for each issuing institution for each fiscal year, and bonds may only be issued once they have been approved by the Diet. Bonds with a maturity of five years or more are also included in the Fiscal Investment and Loan Program. The Ministry of Finance adjusts the maturity structure, and the compiled planned amount of government-guaranteed bonds is published each fiscal year along with the government bond issuance plan. [Takashi Asaba August 21, 2018] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
政府関係機関や独立行政法人、特殊会社などが発行する債券(政府関係機関債)のうち、政府がその元本の償還と金利の支払いを保証するもののことをいう。政保債とも略される。 政府が会社その他の法人に対して債務保証することは、財政援助制限法第3条の規定により原則禁じられている。その例外として、政府保証債を発行可能な機関等は、財務大臣(地方公共団体による保証契約は総務大臣)の指定するものに限定される。指定の条件としては、行政の一端を担う公共性、公益性の高い業務を行っており、業務の執行や財務会計等について国の監督が行き届く法人等であり、各機関等の設立根拠法等に債券発行規定および政府が債務の保証契約を行うことができる旨の規定を置く必要がある。具体的には、日本政策金融公庫、日本高速道路保有・債務返済機構、日本政策投資銀行などが政府保証債を発行することができる。 毎年度の政府保証債は、一般会計の予算総則において発行機関ごとに限度額が明記され、国会で議決されて初めて発行が可能となる。また、償還期間が5年以上のものは、財政投融資計画にも計上される。年限構成等については財務省によって調整が図られ、取りまとめられた政府保証債発行予定額が国債発行計画とともに毎年度公表される。 [浅羽隆史 2018年8月21日] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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