Chapter of a Church (English: capitulum [Latin])

Japanese: 聖堂参事会 - せいどうさんじかい（英語表記）capitulum[ラテン]

An institution of the Roman Catholic Church (chapter in English, Kapitel in German, chapitre in French). A collegial organization made up of canonici belonging to each church. Since the mid-Middle Ages, it has had a fixed membership system. The name is said to have come from the daily reading of the capitulum, a set of rules that must be observed, and by extension, came to refer to the place of meeting and all members. As an organization, it has the duty of assisting the bishop or abbot praepositus in carrying out the church's divine offices and secular duties, and controls the administrative power of the bishop and others through the right of consultation and consent.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

ローマ･カトリック教会の機関(英語でchapter，ドイツ語でKapitel，フランス語でchapitre)。個々の聖堂に属する聖職者canoniciによって構成される合議体的組織。中世中期以降はほぼ定員制をとる。この名称は，順守すべき会則の章〈capitulum〉を日々読みあげたことに由来し，転じて集会場所，構成員の全体を指すようになったといわれる。組織としては，教会の聖務執行および世俗的諸任務の遂行にあたり，司教ないし教院長praepositusを補佐すべき義務を負うほか，評議･同意権をもって司教等の行政権力を統御する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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