Small angle scattering - Small angle scattering

Japanese: 小角散乱 - ショウカクサンラン

When X-rays pass through a particle with a size of about 10 to 3000 Å, a diffuse diffraction pattern or sometimes a clear diffraction ring is produced in the range of an extremely small angle (usually less than 1 degree) with respect to the incident X-ray. This phenomenon is called small-angle X-ray scattering, or simply small-angle scattering. Even in ordinary crystals, the Bragg reflection of a substance with a long period appears in this angle range. By examining the diffraction pattern from small-angle scattering, it is possible to measure the very long periodicity of the crystal and to obtain knowledge about the size, shape, and assembly state of the particle.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

X線が10～3000Åくらいの大きさの微粒子を通過するとき，入射X線ときわめて小さい角度(通常1度以下)範囲に散漫な回折像や，ときには明らかな回折環を生じる。この現象をX線小角散乱または単に小角散乱という。また普通の結晶でも，長い周期をもつ物質のブラッグ反射はこの角度範囲にあらわれる。小角散乱による回折像を調べることによって，結晶のもつ非常に長い周期性の測定ができたり，微粒子の大きさ，形状，集合状態についての知識が得られる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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