Strozzi - Bernardo Strozzi

Italian High Baroque painter. Born in Genoa. Raised by his father to become a scholar, he decided to become a painter when he was 15 after his father's death. His first teacher was the Sienese painter Pietro Sori, who was staying in Genoa at the time. At the age of 17, he joined the Capuchin Order, for which he was later nicknamed the "Genoese Monk" or "Cappuccino." In 1610, he left the order to support his family and devote himself to art. From 1614 to 1621, he served the Republic of Genoa as a port engineer. In his painting, he abandoned the remnants of Mannerism he inherited from his teacher and strengthened his naturalistic tendencies, which was largely due to the influence of Flemish masters Rubens and Van Dyck, who were staying in Genoa at the time. "The Cook" (Palazzo Rosso) is a representative work of this period. After breaking his promise to return to the religious order after his mother's death, he was put on trial and imprisoned, but in 1930 he fled to Venice. However, while he was there he was involved in important public works such as the "Portrait of Doge F. Erizzo" (Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna), and in 1935 he was made Monsignor. In Venice, he was exposed to works by both domestic and foreign painters influenced by Caravaggio, as well as works by Veronese, which led to his colors becoming brighter, clearer, and richer in tone, and he left behind masterpieces such as "The Alms of St. Lawrence" (Church of St. Niccolo di Tolentino).

[Toru Miyoshi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イタリア盛期バロックの画家。ジェノバ生まれ。学者になるべく父に養育されたが、15歳のときその死により画家を志す。最初の師は当時同地に滞在していたシエナの画家ピエトロ・ソッリである。17歳のときカプチン修道会に入り、そのためのちに「ジェノバの僧」あるいは「カプッチーノ」とあだ名される。1610年家計を支え、芸術に専心するため教団を去る。14～21年港湾技術者としてジェノバ共和国に奉職。一方画業においては、師から受け継いだマニエリスムの残滓(ざんし)を捨て、自然主義的傾向を強めたが、それには当時ジェノバに滞在していたフランドルの巨匠、ルーベンスやファン・ダイクの感化によるところが大きい。『料理女』（パラッツォ・ロッソ）はこの時期の代表作。母親の死後教団に戻るという約束を反故(ほご)にしたため、裁判沙汰(ざた)となり投獄されたが、30年ベネチアに逃れる。しかし同地では『F・エリッツォ総督の肖像』（ウィーン美術史博物館）などの公的に重要な仕事に携わり、35年にはモンシニョーレの称号を得た。同地でカラバッジョの影響を受けた内外の画家やベロネーゼの作品に接することにより、彼の色彩は明るく澄み、豊かな色調を得、『聖ロレンツォの施し』（聖ニッコロ・ディ・トレンティーノ聖堂）などの優品を残した。

［三好　徹］

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