Rights fee - Kenrikin

Japanese: 権利金 - けんりきん
Rights fee - Kenrikin

In the lease of land or a building, money is exchanged in addition to rent and a security deposit. It is also called key money or security deposit. It is said to have the following four legal forms. The first is when it is exchanged as a lump sum advance payment of part of the land rent or house rent. This form was created to circumvent the Land and House Rent Control Ordinance, but because of the convenience of being able to receive a lump sum advance payment, it is often exchanged in contracts outside the control. However, for land and house leases that are subject to the control ordinance, landlords are prohibited from receiving any right money from the tenant, regardless of the name under which it is paid. However, if they pay it knowing that it is a violation of the control, they cannot request a refund. The second is when it is exchanged to give the land lease or house lease right transferability. In other words, according to the Civil Code (Article 612), leasehold rights cannot be transferred without the consent of the lessor (however, if the lessor does not consent, the court may issue a judicial decision to grant permission in lieu of consent under certain conditions; Land Lease Law, Article 9-2), and this is the case when it is given or received in order to obtain such consent. This can be done in two ways: when it is paid to the lessor in advance at the time of the contract, or when it is paid as a consent fee to obtain consent to the transfer to another party at the end of the contract. The third way is when it is paid by the transferee to the transferor as consideration for the land lease or house lease itself. This is usually done when the transferor has paid a consent fee to the lessor. The fourth way is when it is given or received as consideration for business rights. For example, it is paid in the case of a store lease, when the location is favorable or there are a stable number of customers. It is not always clear which of the above meanings the money given or received under the name of a key fee actually has, and it can also have two or more meanings.

[Takahisa Awaji]

[Reference] | Margin | Leasehold

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

宅地や建物の賃貸借において、賃料、敷金のほかに授受される金銭。礼金、証拠金などとよばれることもある。その法律的形態には次の4通りがあるといわれる。すなわち、第一は、地代・家賃の一部の一括前払いとして授受される場合である。この形態は地代家賃統制令を潜脱するために生じたものであるが、一括して前払い金を受けうる便宜さから、統制外の契約においても授受されることが少なくない。ただし、統制令の適用を受ける借地・借家については、貸し主は、いかなる名義をもってするを問わず、借り主から権利金を受領することは禁ぜられている。ただ、統制違反であることを知って支払った場合には、返還請求できない。第二は、借地権・借家権に譲渡性を与えるため授受される場合である。すなわち、賃借権は、民法(612条)によると、貸し主の承諾なしには譲渡しえないのであり(ただし、貸し主が承諾しない場合には、一定条件のもとに裁判所が承諾にかわる許可の裁判をなしうる。借地法9条ノ2)、そのような承諾を得るために授受される場合である。これには、契約のときにあらかじめ貸し主に対して支払われる場合と、契約終了のとき他への譲渡を承諾してもらうため承諾料として支払われる場合とがある。第三は、借地権・借家権そのものの対価として譲受人から譲渡人に支払われる場合である。これは通常、譲渡人が貸し主に対して承諾料を支払っている場合などに授受されるであろう。第四は、営業権(のれん)の対価として授受される場合である。たとえば、店舗の賃貸借で、地の利がよいとか、安定した顧客がいる場合などに支払われる。なお、権利金などの名義で授受される金銭が、実際に前記のいずれの意味を有するかは、かならずしもはっきりしない場合があり、また、二つ以上の意味を有する場合もある。

[淡路剛久]

[参照項目] | 証拠金 | 賃借権

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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