Stavropol - Stavropol (English spelling)

Japanese: スタブロポリ - すたぶろぽり(英語表記)Ставрополь/Stavropol'
Stavropol - Stavropol (English spelling)

The administrative center of Stavropol Krai in the southwest of the Russian Federation. Population 345,100 (1999). It is located on a plateau on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. Its origins date back to the construction of a Russian fortress in 1777, and it was a key location on the military road connecting the Transcaucasia with Russia. From 1935 to 1943, it was called Voroshilovsk after Voroshilov, a military man and politician in the early Soviet era. The main industries are machinery and metals (machine tools, small machines, machine parts, cranes, trailers, electrical equipment), chemicals, light industry, food processing, and furniture manufacturing. There are also research and educational facilities for agriculture, industry, medicine, education, cooperative management, and telecommunications, as well as the local museum and the Lermontov Memorial Theatre. Another city, Togliatti, known for its Fiat car factory, was also called Stavropol until 1964.

[Kazuo Watanabe and Toshihiko Ueno]

[References] | Voroshilov | Caucasus Mountains | Transcaucasia | Togliatti

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ロシア連邦の南西部、スタブロポリ地方の行政中心地。人口34万5100(1999)。大カフカス山脈北側斜面の高原上にある。1777年にロシアの要塞(ようさい)が築かれたのが起源で、ザカフカスとロシアとを結ぶ軍事道路の要地とされた。1935~43年にはソ連時代初期の軍人・政治家ウォロシーロフの名にちなみウォロシーロフスクВорошиловск/Voroshilovskと称した。おもな工業は、機械・金属(工作機械、小型機械、機械部品、クレーン車、トレーラー、電気機器)、化学、軽工業、食品加工、家具製作などがある。また、農業、工業、医科、教育、協同組合経営、電気通信などの研究教育施設があるほか、郷土博物館、レールモントフ記念劇場も置かれている。また別の都市で、フィアットの自動車工場で知られるトリアッティ市も、1964年までスタブロポリとよばれていた。

[渡辺一夫・上野俊彦]

[参照項目] | ウォロシーロフ | カフカス山脈 | ザカフカス | トリアッティ

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