Rokugi - Rikugi

Japanese: 六議 - りくぎ

Six qualifications for criminal law privileges found in the Taiho and Yoro Meireiritsu. They are divided into (1) Gishin, (2) Gigu, (3) Giken, (4) Gino, (5) Gikō, and (6) Giki, and include members of the imperial family, high-ranking individuals, and those who have made distinguished contributions to the nation and the imperial family. In the Tang Code, the mother code of the Nihon Ritsu, there were eight qualifications, but the compilers of the Nihon Ritsu deleted two, Gikin and Gibin. Gi refers to the procedure in which, when a person commits a crime punishable by death, the judge clarifies the facts and specifies the corresponding punishment, but does not yet pass judgment, but instead reports the case to the Emperor, and then submits it to a meeting of the Dajokan, which decides on the punishment by a petition. This is a special criminal procedure that arose from the idea that "punishment does not extend to the Daifu." In addition, those in the six qualifications were given one rank less for exile and other conditions, and various exceptions were also granted in the trial and detention procedures. (→ Eight Cruelties)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

大宝，養老の名例律にみえる刑事法上の特権を与えられる6つの資格。 (1) 議親，(2) 議故，(3) 議賢，(4) 議能，(5) 議功，(6) 議貴に分れ，皇族，高位者，国家皇室に対する功労者がこれに該当している。日本律の母法である唐律においては八議であったが，日本律編纂者は，議勤，議賓の2項目を削っている。議とは，その者が死刑にあたる罪を犯した場合に，裁判官は，事実を明らかにし，それに該当する刑を指摘するが，なお判決を下さず，天皇に奏上し，さらに太政官の会議に付して，奏裁によって刑を定める手続をいう。「刑ハ大夫ニ及ハス」の思考より生じた特殊刑事手続である。なお六議の人は，このほかにも，流罪以下は，1等を減じられ，また審理手続，拘禁手続などにおいても，さまざまな特例が認められていた。 (→八虐 )

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