A general term for parasitic insects belonging to the order Anoplura. Approximately 300 species are known, and it is believed that there are many unknown species. They are thought to have evolved from biting lice, but there is no fossil evidence. They are external parasites of mammals that live in the fur, but are completely unknown in birds. What makes lice different from biting lice is that they suck blood and tissue fluids, with three sharp proboscises that pierce the skin of the host and suck blood using a pump in the pharynx. When not in use, the mouthparts are retracted into the head. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
シラミ目Anopluraに属する寄生昆虫の総称。約300種知られ,多くの未知種があると信じられている。ハジラミより分化したと考えられるが,化石上の証拠はない。哺乳類の外部寄生虫で被毛の中で生活するが,鳥類からはまったく知られていない。シラミがハジラミと違う点は血液や組織液を吸うことで,口器は3本の鋭い吻針(ふんしん)となり,それを宿主の皮膚に突き刺して咽頭(いんとう)にあるポンプで吸血する。使用しないときは口器は頭の中にひきこまれる。
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