Flavorings used to flavor foods. They must satisfy the senses of taste and smell and be harmless as food additives. There are vegetable flavorings and synthetic flavorings, and animal flavorings are rarely used. Vegetable flavorings are mainly extracted from the flowers, leaves, trunks, branches, roots, seeds, fruits, bark, resins, etc. of plants. They are extracted in four ways: by squeezing, distillation, extraction, and leaching, and the ingredients are mainly compounds belonging to the terpene genus. Synthetic flavorings are mainly mixtures of esters and alcohols. For example, banana flavor is a mixture of ethyl butyrate and amyl acetate, apple flavor is ethyl butyrate, ethyl valerate, ethyl salicylate, and amyl butyrate, and pineapple flavor is a mixture of flavoring ingredients such as amyl butyrate and allyl caproate, as well as glycerin and ethyl alcohol. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
食品の付香に用いる香料。味覚,嗅覚を満足させ,また食品添加物として無害でなければならない。植物性香料と合成香料があり,動物性香料はほとんど使用されていない。植物性香料は主として植物の花,葉,幹,枝,根,種子,果実,樹皮,樹脂などから採取される。採取方法は,圧搾,蒸留,抽出,浸出の4種で,成分は主としてテルペン属に属する複合物である。合成香料は主としてエステル類,アルコール類の混合物で,たとえばバナナフレーバーは酪酸エチル,酢酸アミル,りんごフレーバーは酪酸エチル,吉草酸エチル,サリチル酸エチル,酪酸アミル,パイナップルフレーバーは酪酸アミル,カプロン酸アリルなどの香料成分とグリセリン,エチルアルコールの混合物である。
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