Later payment - Kokin

The name of the country in China before the founding of the Qing Dynasty (between 1616 and 1636). Following the unification of the Jurchen people, Emperor Taizu Nurhaci, who was born in the left side of Jianzhou, was recommended by the nobles and ministers of the Eight Banners in 1616, and was given the honorific title of Sure Gengyen Khan (wise Khan) and became a Khan. The Manchu Annals (an official history book compiled by the Qing Dynasty) compiled later states that this was the founding of the Later Jin Dynasty (the successor dynasty to the Jin Dynasty) and the first year of the Mandate of Heaven. At that time, the name of the unified state of the Jurchen people was Manju, while externally, Jin (Aisin) and Later Jin were used to refer to the Ming and Korea. In 1636, during the reign of the second emperor, Taizong Hong Taiji, the Later Jin Dynasty changed its name to "Great Qing" during the transition to a centralized state that controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, and the Han people.

[Yoshio Hosoya]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)朝建国以前（1616～36年の間）の国号。建州左衛(けんしゅうさえい)出身の太祖ヌルハチは女直(じょちょく)（女真(じょしん)）民族の統合に伴い、1616年に八旗の諸貴族、大臣に推されて、スレ・ゲンギエン・ハン（聡明(そうめい)なる汗）の尊号を受けてハンの位についた。のちになって編纂(へんさん)された『満州実録』（清朝の官撰(かんせん)歴史書）では、このときを後金国（金朝の後継王朝という意）の建国、天命元年としている。当時、女直民族統合国家の名称としてはマンジュ国があり、一方、対外的には、明(みん)や朝鮮に対して、金（アイシン）、後金国が使われていた。後金は2代太宗ホンタイジの1636年、満州・蒙古(もうこ)・漢人を支配する中央集権的な国家への転換期に「大清」の国号に変わった。

［細谷良夫］

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