Sybaris (English spelling)

Japanese: シュバリス（英語表記）Sybaris

A Greek colony (Apoikia) in southern Italy. It was located on the western coast of the Gulf of Taranto in the northeastern part of Calabria. It was founded around 720 BC, but it expanded its sphere of influence by taking advantage of the fertile land, establishing colonies under its control such as Lou, and easily granting citizenship to new settlers. It became very wealthy and prosperous, and the luxurious and leisurely lifestyle of its citizens was exaggerated and publicized throughout the Greek world. Even today, the word Sybarite is used to refer to people who spend their time in luxury and leisure. In 510 BC, it was defeated in a battle with the Greek colony of Croton in southern Calabria and was completely destroyed. Three attempts were made to rebuild it after that, but none of them were able to restore its former prosperity. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the walls of Sybaris IV, a cemetery, a theater, and other structures were excavated.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イタリア南部の古代ギリシアの植民市 (アポイキア ) 。現カラブリア州北東部，タラント湾西海岸にあった。前 720年頃建設されたが，肥沃な地帯を控えて勢力圏を拡大，ラウスなど支配下の植民都市を建設し，また新定住者に容易に市民権を付与したため大いに富み栄え，市民の贅沢で遊惰な生活は，誇張してギリシア世界に喧伝された。現在でもシュバリス人という言葉は，おごって遊び暮す人をさすのに使われている。前 510年カラブリア州南部のギリシア植民市クロトンとの戦いに敗れ，徹底的に破壊された。その後，3回にわたって再建が試みられたが，いずれも往時の繁栄は取戻せなかった。 19～20世紀に第4次シュバリスの城壁，墓地，劇場などが発掘された。

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