…On the other hand, economically, a preferential tariff system was implemented (1932), and interdependence with the Commonwealth countries was strengthened. (2) Balance of power policy For 100 years from the Congress of Vienna (1815) to the First World War, Britain maintained the "Pax Britannica" backed by its naval power that controlled the seven seas and its most advanced economic power. What Britain feared most was that a country would establish absolute dominance on the European continent, threatening the independence of countries such as the Netherlands and Belgium, leading to the formation of an anti-British continental alliance. … From "Glorious Isolation"…the policy of the 19th century British toward the European continent, backed by its economic and naval power. After the Congress of Vienna (1815), in order to maintain the "Pax Britannica," Britain sought to balance power among the continental nations and to remain aloof from the situation on the continent, concentrating on expanding trade and expanding overseas. This isolationist policy served British interests as long as the Triple Alliance (1882) of Germany, Austria, and Italy, created by Bismarck, was in balance with the opposing Franco-Russian Alliance (1891). … *Some of the terms mentioned in the "British Peace" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…一方経済的には,特恵関税制度を実施(1932),連邦諸国との相互依存関係が強化された。(2)勢力均衡政策 ウィーン会議(1815)から第1次世界大戦にいたる100年間,イギリスは七つの海を支配する海軍力と最先進の経済力を背景にして,〈イギリスの平和Pax Britannica〉を維持した。イギリスが極度に恐れたのは,どの国かがヨーロッパ大陸で絶対的な優勢を確立してオランダ,ベルギーなどの独立を脅かし,反英大陸同盟が結成されることであった。… 【光栄ある孤立】より…19世紀のイギリスが,その経済力と海軍力を背景にしてとった対ヨーロッパ大陸政策。ウィーン会議(1815)後のイギリスは,〈イギリスの平和Pax Britannica〉を維持するため,大陸諸国間に勢力を均衡させ,自らは大陸の事態から超然として貿易拡大と海外進出に専念した。この孤立政策は,ビスマルクの創出したドイツ,オーストリア,イタリアの三国同盟(1882)とこれに対立する露仏同盟(1891)とが均衡している間は,イギリスの国益に奉仕した。… ※「イギリスの平和」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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