Gravitational Units - Gravitational Units

Japanese: 重力単位系 - じゅうりょくたんいけい
Gravitational Units - Gravitational Units

A system of units that uses force or weight due to the acceleration of gravity instead of the basic quantity mass. There are systems of units that choose quantities that are independent of time and space as the base unit quantities, and systems that choose quantities that have a specific relationship to them. The former is called the absolute system of units, and many systems of units, such as the CGS system, the MKS system, and the International System of Units, belong to this type, and use length, mass, and time as the basic quantities. However, there is also a system that uses force or weight due to the acceleration of gravity instead of mass. This is called the gravitational system of units, and is widely used in engineering. Generally, the base unit is 1 kilogram-force (kgf), but since the acceleration of gravity on Earth varies depending on the location, the General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1901 established 980.665 centimeters per second per second as the standard gravity value to define 1 kilogram-force. In the current measurement law, kgf is no longer used.

[Koizumi Kesakatsu and Imai Hidetaka]

[Reference] | Base units | Absolute unit system | Units

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

基本的な量の質量のかわりに地球重力加速度による力または重量をとる単位系。単位系には基本単位の量として時間および空間に対して独立のものを選んだものと、特定の関係にあるものを選んだものとがある。前のものを絶対単位系といい、CGS単位系、MKS単位系、国際単位系など多くの単位系はこれに属し、基本的な量に長さ、質量および時間をとる。しかしこの質量のかわりに地球重力加速度による力または重量をとるものがある。これを重力単位系とよび、工学で広く用いられている。一般に基本単位として1重量キログラムkgfをとるが、地球重力加速度は場所により差があるので、1901年の国際度量衡総会で1重量キログラムを定義するための標準重力値として980.665センチメートル毎秒毎秒と定めた。現在の計量法では、kgfは用いないこととなっている。

[小泉袈裟勝・今井秀孝]

[参照項目] | 基本単位 | 絶対単位系 | 単位

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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