Child play - Shuyu

A disciple of Confucius (Kongqiu). His surname was Yan and his given name was Yan. Ziyou was his pen name. He was from Wu (or Lu). He is listed as one of the Four Departments and Ten Philosophers of Literature. After he was apprenticed by Confucius, he became the governor of Wucheng (Shandong Province) in Lu, where he governed with ritual and music, was renowned for his Wucheng singing and singing, and discovered Tandai Metsumei, who also became a disciple of Confucius. In the Mencius, it is written that together with Zixia and Zizhang (503 BC-?), they tried to recommend Youruo (c. 538 BC-c. 457 BC) as Confucius' successor, but were opposed by Zengzi. Although he was a member of the Objective School who valued the formalities of ritual, in the Zizhang chapter of the Analects he criticized Zixia's disciples for being formalistic, saying, "Mourning only ceases when sorrow reaches its peak."

[Shigehiko Uno December 14, 2015]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

孔子（孔丘(こうきゅう)）の弟子。姓は言(げん)、名は偃(えん)。子游は字(あざな)。呉(ご)の人（あるいは魯(ろ)の人）。四科十哲の文学にあげられる。孔子に受業ののち、魯の武城(ぶじょう)（山東省）の宰(さい)（長官）となり、礼楽をもって治めて、武城弦歌の誉れがあり、また孔子の弟子となった澹臺滅明(たんだいめつめい)をみいだした。『孟子(もうし)』には、子夏(しか)・子張(しちょう)（前503―？）とともに有若(ゆうじゃく)（前538ころ―前457ころ）を孔子の後継に推そうとして曽子(そうし)に反対されたとある。礼の形式を重んずる客観派の一人であるが、また『論語』子張篇(へん)では、子夏の門人が形式主義であると批判し、「喪は哀を致(きわ)めて止む」などともいっている。

［宇野茂彦　2015年12月14日］

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