seigniorage

Japanese: seigniorage
seigniorage

…On the other hand, because the United States is the country that issues the international currency, it can issue dollars, which are merely American IOUs (deposits), in an unlimited number of times, to purchase foreign goods and financial assets, and thus fill its own deficits. This privilege of a currency-issuing country is called seigniorage (the right to issue currency and the benefits that come with it). As European countries and Japan recovered from the destruction of the war and began to catch up with the United States in terms of external competitiveness, the deficit in the United States' balance of payments became a problem, and a relative surplus of dollars began to emerge in the form of a "liquidity dilemma." …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "seigniorage" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…逆にアメリカは国際通貨の発行国であるため,単にアメリカの借用証(預金)にすぎないドルをいわば無限に発行して,外国の商品や金融資産を購入し,そうして出た自国の赤字を埋めることが可能であった。このような通貨発行国の特権をセニョリッジseigniorage(通貨発行権とそれに伴う利益)と呼ぶ。 ヨーロッパ諸国と日本が戦争の破壊から復興し,対外競争力でもアメリカに追いつくようになると,アメリカの国際収支の赤字が問題となり,ドルの相対的過剰が〈流動性のジレンマ〉という形で発生しはじめた。…

※「seigniorage」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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