Shimokobe-so

A manor belonging to Emperor Hachijo in Katsushika County, Shimousa Province. The area of ​​the manor is considered to be the area between the Edo River and the Old Tone River, including parts of Kitakatsushika County, Saitama Prefecture, Sashima County, Ibaraki Prefecture, and part of Noda City, Chiba Prefecture. It was established in the late Heian period, and Shimokawabe Yukiyoshi, a member of the Hidesato lineage of the Fujiwara clan, became the manor's governor, and the land became the domain of the family name. After the Jōkyū War (1221), the Shimokawabe clan became vassals of the Hojo clan, and according to the Azuma Kagami, the shogunate built embankments within the manor in 1253 (Kenchō 5), which also suggests a connection with the Hojo clan. The position of land steward was passed down through the Kanazawa clan, a branch of the Hojo clan, and part of it became the temple land of Shomyo-ji Temple, which could be called the clan temple of the Kanazawa clan. However, with the fall of the Kamakura Shogunate, part of the land stewardship was given to the Kasukabe clan (Kasukabe District) and the Shimazu clan (Kurisashi District), but most of it came under the control of the Ashikaga clan. It was later passed down to the Kamakura Kubo, and Ashikaga Ujimitsu donated Takayanagi District to Tsurugaoka Hachimangu Shrine, but most of it became the territory of the Ashikaga clan and later became the imperial estate of the Koga Kubo.

[Mitsuo Hirata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

下総(しもうさ)国葛飾(かつしか)郡にあった八条院領の荘園。その荘域は埼玉県北葛飾郡と茨城県猿島(さしま)郡の一部、および千葉県野田市の一部も含む江戸川と古利根(とね)川とに挟まれた地域に比定される。平安後期には成立し、秀郷(ひでさと)流藤原氏の一族下河辺行義(ゆきよし)が荘司となり、以後名字(みょうじ)の地とする。下河辺氏は承久(じょうきゅう)の乱（1221）後、北条氏の被官と化し、『吾妻鏡(あづまかがみ)』によれば、1253年（建長5）幕府が荘内の築堤工事をしているが、これも北条氏との関係を推定させる。地頭職(じとうしき)は北条一門の金沢(かねさわ)氏が相伝し、その一部は金沢氏の氏寺ともいうべき称名寺(しょうみょうじ)の寺領となる。しかし、鎌倉幕府の滅亡により、地頭職の一部は春日部(かすかべ)氏（春日部郷）や島津(しまづ)氏（栗指(くりさし)郷）らに与えられるが、大部分は足利(あしかが)氏の支配下に入る。その後、鎌倉公方(くぼう)に伝領され、足利氏満(うじみつ)は高柳(たかやなぎ)郷を鶴岡八幡宮(つるがおかはちまんぐう)に寄進するが、多くは足利氏領としてのちに古河公方(こがくぼう)の御料所となる。

［平田満男］

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