This is a right to claim reimbursement, which is a right to claim reimbursement by a person who has paid a debt for another person, to the other person to request reimbursement or payment. For example, when one of the joint debtors, a guarantor, a surety, etc., pays a debt and the other joint debtors are thereby relieved of their debt, the other joint debtors may request reimbursement for that amount (Civil Code Articles 442, 459, 460, 465, 351, and 372). In addition, the term reimbursement (right) is also used in cases where a person who is liable for damages due to the actions of another person requests reimbursement from the other person (for example, when an employer is obligated to pay damages due to the actions of an employee - Civil Code Article 715, paragraph 3, as well as Articles 477 and 717, paragraph 3, State Compensation Act Articles 1, paragraph 2, 2, and 3, paragraph 2), and when an unjust enrichment is made by the payment of a debt (Civil Code Articles 481, paragraph 2, and 707, paragraph 2). In addition, when a person who has suffered damage due to another person demands compensation, this is sometimes called a claim for compensation (Civil Code Articles 934, Paragraph 2 and 947, Paragraph 3). [Ken Kawai] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
他人のために債務を弁済した者が、その他人に対して、返還または弁済を求めることを内容とする返還請求権をいう。たとえば、連帯債務者の1人、保証人、物上保証人などが債務を弁済した場合に、他の連帯債務者がそれによって債務を免れたとき、その分について返還を求める場合(民法442条・459条・460条・465条・351条・372条)などである。そのほか、他人の行為によって損害賠償を負う者がその他人に対して弁済を求める場合(たとえば被用者の行為によって使用者が賠償義務を負担する場合―民法715条3項、ほかに477条・717条3項、国家賠償法1条2項・2条2項・3条2項)や、債務の弁済によって不当利得を生じた場合(民法481条2項・707条2項)の返還請求などについても求償(権)の語が用いられる。なお、他人のために損害を受けた者が、その賠償を請求することを求償という場合もある(民法934条2項・947条3項)。 [川井 健] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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