...In the 19th century, sandalwood collectors came to the island, which caused conflicts between the islanders and the sandalwood collectors. From the mid-19th century, slave hunters, known as blackbirders, came to replace the sandalwood collectors and sent the islanders to work as plantation laborers in the British colonies of Australia and the Fiji Islands, and as miners in the French colony of New Caledonia. As the colonial competition between the UK and France intensified, a joint naval committee of both countries decided to manage the island in 1887 as a solution. From [Melanesian]…On the other hand, one language that is widely spoken in Melanesia is pidgin English, a hybrid language. In the 19th century, slave traders (called blackbirders) began operating in Queensland, Australia, looking for cheap labor to serve the needs of plantations, and islanders from the Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides became victims. Pidgin English developed as a means of communication between islanders of different languages who were gathered as plantation laborers, and has now become the common language of Melanesia, helping to promote mutual understanding among the islands and fostering a sense of solidarity among Melanesians. … *Some of the terminology that mentions "blackbirder" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…19世紀に入ると白檀の採取人が来島し,島民との間に争いが生じたりもした。19世紀半ば以降,白檀採取人に代わって奴隷狩人blackbirderがやってきて,島民をイギリス植民地のオーストラリアやフィジー諸島の農園労働者として,またフランス植民地のニューカレドニア島の鉱山労働者として送り出した。イギリスとフランスによる植民競争が激化すると,その解決策として1887年に両国合同の海軍委員会による管理が決められた。… 【メラネシア人】より…一方,メラネシアで広く話されている言葉に混合語のピジン・イングリッシュがある。19世紀にオーストラリアのクイーンズランドの農園の求めに応じて安い労働力を探す奴隷商人(ブラックバーダーblackbirderと呼ばれる)の暗躍が始まり,ソロモン諸島やニューヘブリデス諸島の島民がその犠牲になった。農園労働者として集められた,言語の異なる島民たちの間で,コミュニケーションの道具として話され発達したのがピジン・イングリッシュであるが,現在ではメラネシアの共通語となり,島嶼間の相互理解に一役買うとともにメラネシア人の連帯意識を育てつつあるといえよう。… ※「blackbirder」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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