The capital of the province of Gelderland in the eastern part of the Netherlands. It faces the Rhine and is said to have been a settlement since Roman times. It obtained city rights in 1233 and became a Hanseatic city in 1443. It is an important transportation and military location, and was often a battlefield from the Middle Ages until the German attack by the Anglo-Polish army in September 1944. The old town has historical buildings such as the 16th century town hall, the 15th century St. Walburgis Church (Catholic) and the 15th century St. Eusebius Church (Protestant), as well as many museums. The Rijksmuseum in the Hoge Veluwe National Park, the largest in the Netherlands, 15 km northeast of the old town, houses many works by Van Gogh. There are factories for textiles, electrical appliances, ships, metals, and clothing. Population: 132,928, metropolitan area: 305,906 (estimated in 1992). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
オランダ東部,ヘルデルラント州の州都。ライン川にのぞみ,ローマ時代からの集落地といわれる。 1233年に都市権を獲得。 1443年にハンザ同盟都市となる。交通上,軍事上の要地で,中世以来,1944年9月のイギリス=ポーランド軍によるドイツ軍攻撃まで,しばしば戦場となった。旧市街には 16世紀の市庁舎,15世紀の聖ワルブルギス聖堂 (カトリック) と 15世紀の聖エウセビオス聖堂 (プロテスタント) などの歴史的建造物のほか,多くの博物館などがある。旧市街から北東へ 15kmのところにあるオランダ最大のホーヘフェリューウェ国立公園内の国立美術館はゴッホの作品を多数収める。繊維,電気器具,船舶,金属,衣料などの工場がある。人口 13万 2928,大都市圏 30万 5906 (1992推計) 。
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