German patriotic poet and writer. Born on December 26th to a peasant family on the island of Rügen. He studied theology under Fichte at the University of Greifswald and then at the University of Jena, and later became a professor of history at the University of Greifswald. The fervent nationalism and criticism of Napoleon in his major work, The Spirit of the Age (4 volumes, 1806-1818), led him to go into exile in Sweden, and then to Russia with Stein. During that time, he worked to raise German national consciousness through many patriotic poems and essays, and fought against Napoleon's rule over Germany. After the War of Liberation (1813-1814), he became a professor of history at the University of Bonn, but was dismissed in 1820 for involvement in the Burschenschaft movement, and was later reinstated. In 1848, he was elected to the Frankfurt National Assembly, and was active as a Little German. He died on January 20th, 1860. [Katsuyo Okazaki] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの愛国詩人、著述家。12月26日リューゲン島の小農民の家に生まれる。グライフスワルト大学、ついでイエナ大学のフィヒテのもとで神学を修め、のちグライフスワルト大学歴史学教授となった。主著『時代の精神』4巻(1806~1818)の熱烈な民族主義とナポレオン批判がもとでスウェーデンへ、さらにシュタインとともにロシアへ亡命。その間多くの愛国詩、論説によってドイツ国民意識の高揚に努め、ナポレオンのドイツ支配に反対して闘った。解放戦争(1813~1814)後ボン大学歴史学教授となったが、1820年ブルシェンシャフト運動に関与したとして免職され、のちに復職した。1848年フランクフルト国民議会議員に選ばれ、小ドイツ主義者として活動した。1860年1月20日死去。 [岡崎勝世] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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