An important port city on the western coast of Saudi Arabia. Population 1.8 million (1985). Its correct Arabic name is Judda. It is also called Jidda. It flourished as a gateway for pilgrims to Mecca, about 80 km to the east. Its night view resembles a bride studded with jewels, so it is also known as the "Bride of the Red Sea." The city's origins date back to pre-Islamic times, and it is said that in 646, the third caliph, Uthman, made it a port for pilgrimages to Mecca. From the 10th century onwards, it prospered as a stopover point for East-West trade via the Red Sea, and political leaders in the Hijaz struggled to collect customs duties there. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
サウジアラビア西部沿岸の重要港湾都市。人口180万(1985)。アラビア語で正しくはジュッダJudda。ジッダJiddaともよばれる。東方約80kmの聖地メッカへの巡礼者の出入口として栄えた。夜景が宝石を散りばめた花嫁に似ているというので,〈紅海の花嫁〉の異名をもつ。 町の起源はイスラム以前にさかのぼり,646年には第3代カリフのウスマーンがメッカ巡礼用の港にしたといわれる。10世紀以降は,紅海経由の東西貿易の中継地として繁栄し,ヒジャーズを支配する政治権力者は同地での関税の徴収に腐心した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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