GHQ - Global High Qu

Japanese: GHQ - ジーエッチキュー

Abbreviation for General Headquarters. Established in Tokyo in 1945 as the supreme command for occupying and administering Japan after the Pacific War. The first SCAP (Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers) was MacArthur. After that, US Army generals were appointed. In addition to the staff departments called G1, G2, etc., there were the Civil Affairs Section, Economic and Scientific Section, Civil Information and Education Section (CIES), and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East. The Far Eastern Commission was supposed to decide the highest policy for the administration of Japan by the Allied Powers, and GHQ was supposed to issue instructions to the Japanese government using the Council for Japan as an advisory body, but in reality, GHQ exercised enormous authority, requiring prior permission or consent from GHQ for important policies such as budgets and laws, or issuing orders in the form of advice. Abolished in 1952 with the coming into force of the San Francisco Peace Treaty.
Related topics: Expulsion of teachers | Genyosha | Gordon | Self-Defense Forces | Three principles of the stock exchange | Yoshio Shirai | Newspaper law | SCAP | Imperial Headquarters | Takeshima | Chifuren | Tokara Islands | Ministry of the Interior | Japan | Document of surrender | Fusao Hayashi | Toshihiko Higashikuni cabinet | Women's suffrage | MacArthur | Yokohama Specie Bank | Red purge

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

General Headquartersの略。連合国最高司令官総司令部。太平洋戦争後の日本を占領・管理するための最高司令部として1945年東京に設置。初代SCAP（Supreme Commander for the Allied Powersの略。最高司令官）はマッカーサー。以後アメリカ陸軍の将官が任じた。G1，G2などと呼ばれる参謀部のほかに民政局，経済科学局，民間情報教育局（CIES）などがあり極東国際軍事裁判所も付置されていた。連合国の日本管理は極東委員会が最高政策を決定，GHQが諮問機関としての対日理事会を活用して日本政府に指令するのが本来であったが，実際には予算や法律など重要政策についてはGHQの事前の許可や了解を要し，あるいは助言という形で命令するなど，GHQは絶大な権限を行使した。1952年サンフランシスコ講和条約の発効で廃止。
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