Foire

Japanese: foire

…As a result, the artisans tried to create an organization separate from the masters, and the conflict between the two intensified. Weekly markets were held in the town, and sometimes large markets were held. On market days, the town was crowded with farmers carrying large bags of wheat on their horsebacks, and neighboring villagers coming to buy tools and other items that were not available in the village. …

From the Regular Market

…Weekly markets were often held after Sunday mass or on holidays. The words Messe (German), Feria (English, Spanish), and Foire (French) all mean worship, and the markets were called by the same names because they were held for people who came to worship. The fact that charters for establishing markets were first given to churches and monasteries is related to the fact that the front yards of churches in pilgrimage sites were often used as markets. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "foire" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そのため職人層は，親方とは別の組織をつくろうとし，両者の間に抗争が激化した。　町には〈週市marché〉が立ち，ときには〈大市foire〉が開かれた。市（いち）が立つ日には，小麦の大袋を馬の背に積む農民や，村では手に入らない道具などを求めてやってくる近隣の村人たちでにぎわった。…

【定期市】より

…週市は日曜日のミサのあとや祭日に開かれることが多かった。市を意味するメッセMesse(ドイツ語)，フェリアferia(英語，スペイン語)，フォアールfoire(フランス語)はみな礼拝の意味であり，礼拝に集まってくる人々を対象として開かれたために市も同じ名で呼ばれたのである。市場設立の特許状がまず教会と修道院に与えられたのも，巡礼地の教会の前庭がしばしば市場となっていたことと関連がある。…

※「foire」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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