A Russian and Ukrainian plucked string instrument of the lute family. It is characterized by a flat triangular body, with a long fretted neck extending from one of the vertices. The three strings are made of gut or metal and are stretched from the bottom end of the body. There is a bridge and small sound holes on the top plate. Currently, there are six different sizes of instruments with different ranges, the smallest and the two largest ones are tuned at intervals of four degrees, the other four types have the two lowest strings tuned at the same pitch and the remaining one is tuned a fourth higher. For example, the most central instrument is E 4 -E 4 -A 4. It is played by plucking it directly with the fingertips of the right hand, and is used for solos, accompaniment, and various balalaika ensembles. This instrument was born in the 18th century from the lute-type domra, and originally had two strings but became three strings during the 18th century. [Maekawa Haruhisa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ロシア、ウクライナのリュート属撥弦(はつげん)楽器。平たい三角形の胴が特徴的で、三角形の一つの頂点からフレット付きの長い棹(さお)が伸びている。3本の弦はガット製または金属製で、胴の下端から張られる。表板上には駒(こま)と小さな響孔が設けられている。現在では音域の異なる大小6種類の楽器が整えられており、もっとも小さいものと大きなもの二つが4度間隔、ほか4種は低音2弦が同度、残り1本が4度上に調弦される。たとえば、もっとも中心的な楽器でE4―E4―A4である。右手の指先で直接はじいて演奏し、独奏や伴奏のほか各種バラライカの合奏にも用いられる。この楽器は、リュート系のドムラdomraから18世紀に生まれ、当初は2本弦であったが18世紀のうちに3本弦になった。 [前川陽郁] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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