Cryogenic power transmission - power transmission by cryogenic cable

Japanese: 極低温送電 - ごくていおんそうでん（英語表記）power transmission by cryogenic cable

Power transmission in which the conductor is cooled and kept at an extremely low temperature. There are two types: superconducting power transmission, which uses a superconducting material as the conductor, and cryogenic resistance power transmission, which uses copper or aluminum as the conductor and is cooled with liquid nitrogen or the like. Generally, when transmitting power using electric wires, increasing the current generates heat due to the resistance of the wire, causing the temperature of the wire and the surrounding insulating material to rise, so only a certain amount of power can be transmitted. Therefore, if the resistance of the wire can be reduced, the transmission capacity can be increased. Copper and aluminum are used as materials for electric wires, which contain as few impurities as possible and whose electrical resistance decreases when cooled.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

導体を冷却して極低温に保った状態で行う送電。超電(伝)導材料を導体とする超電導送電と，銅やアルミニウムを導体とし液体窒素などで冷却する極低温抵抗送電の2種類がある。　一般に電線を用いて電力を送る場合，電流を大きくすると電線の抵抗によって熱が発生し，電線や周囲の絶縁材料の温度が上昇するために，ある限度しか電力を送れない。したがって電線の抵抗を小さくすることができれば送電容量が増大する。電線の材料として銅やアルミニウムを用いているが，これらは不純物を極力少なくし冷却すると電気抵抗が減少する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

<<: National textbooks - kokutei ikyoukasho

>>: National bird - Kokucho