Yoshiki Hayama

Novelist. Born on March 12, 1894 in Toyotsu (now Miyako Town), Miyako County, Fukuoka Prefecture. His father was the governor of Miyako County. In 1913 (Taisho 2), he entered the humanities department of Waseda University preparatory school, but was expelled at the end of the year. He started as an apprentice sailor on a cargo ship, changing jobs several times, and in 1921, while working at the Nagoya Cement Workers' Association, he was fired for trying to form a union. He became a labor reporter for the Nagoya Shimbun newspaper, wrote current affairs commentaries under a pen name, and joined the Nagoya Workers' Association. He represented the association and joined the Marxist labor organization Left. He was arrested in 1923 and released in 1925. He worked at a dam construction site in Kiso Valley. His short stories, "Prostitute" (1925) and "Letter in a Cement Barrel" (1926), were published in the Bungei Sensen magazine, and he was recommended as a member of the Bungei Sensensha Society. He married Nishio Kikue and moved to Tokyo. In July, he published a collection of short stories, "Prostitutes." In October, he published his novel, "People Living in the Sea." He was widely praised by the general literary world as a writer who was at the top of the proletarian literature scene during the upsurge following the Great Kanto Earthquake. After that, he consistently belonged to the Labor-Farming faction, even as the proletarian literature movement split and merged, and became locked in a conflict between the NAP, which supported the Communist Party, and the Labor-Farming Artists' Union, which supported the Labor-Farming faction. When the Labor-Farming faction was dissolved in 1932 (Showa 7), he came into conflict with Aono Suekichi and others, and founded the Proletarian Writers Club with Satomura Kinzo and others. In January 1934, he moved to Shimoina to do bookkeeping for civil engineering works. After that, he moved around a lot, and published several books, including the collection of his works, "Konnichisama" (1935). In June 1945, he went to Bei'an Province in Manchuria (northeastern China) as a member of a pioneer group, and died of illness near Tokuei Station on October 18 of the same year while on his way back to Japan after Japan's defeat in the war.

[Shoji Sobue]

"The Complete Works of Yoshiki Hayama, 6 volumes (1975-76, Chikuma Shobo)" ▽ "The Diary of Yoshiki Hayama" (1971, Chikuma Shobo) ▽ "Yoshiki Hayama by Kazuhiko Uranishi (1973, Ohfusha)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

小説家。明治27年3月12日福岡県京都(みやこ)郡豊津(とよつ)（現みやこ町）に生まれる。父は京都郡郡長。1913年（大正2）早稲田(わせだ)大学予科文科入学、年末除籍。貨物船水夫見習いに始まり職を転々と変え、21年名古屋セメント工務係のとき組合結成を図り解雇された。『名古屋新聞』労働問題担当記者となり、筆名で時評等を執筆、同時に名古屋労働者協会に参加。協会を代表してマルクス主義的な労働組織レフトに参加。23年逮捕、25年出獄。木曽(きそ)谷のダム工事現場で働く。『文芸戦線』誌に短編『淫売婦(いんばいふ)』（1925）、『セメント樽(だる)の中の手紙』（1926）が掲載、文芸戦線社同人に推され、西尾菊枝と結婚、東京へ出た。7月短編集『淫売婦』刊行。10月長編『海に生くる人々』を刊行。関東大震災後の高揚期にあったプロレタリア文学の山頂に位する作者として広く一般の文壇の側からも評価された。以後、プロレタリア文学運動の組織が分裂・統合し、共産党支持のナップと『労農』派支持の労農芸術家連盟との対立に固定する過程を通し、一貫して労芸派に属し、その派の代表的作家として活躍。32年（昭和7）労芸解散に際し青野季吉(すえきち)らと対立し、里村欣三(きんぞう)らとプロレタリア作家クラブを創設。34年1月土木工事の帳付けとして下伊那(しもいな)に移住。以後各地を転々としながら作品集『今日様(こんにちさま)』（1935）など数冊の著作を刊行。45年（昭和20）6月開拓団員として満州（中国東北部）北安省に赴き、敗戦で引揚げの途中、同年10月18日徳恵駅付近で病没。

［祖父江昭二］

『『葉山嘉樹全集』全6巻（1975～76・筑摩書房）』▽『『葉山嘉樹日記』（1971・筑摩書房）』▽『浦西和彦著『葉山嘉樹』（1973・桜楓社）』

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