National Painting Creation Association

An art group. In 1916 (Taisho 5), up-and-coming Kyoto painters Tsuchida Bakusen, Murakami Kagaku, Ono Chikukyo, Sakakibara Shiho, who had left Bunten due to dissatisfaction with the judging of the 11th Bunten exhibition, joined by Nonagase Banka, and in the following year, with Takeuchi Seiho and Nakai Soutaro as advisors, the group was founded as an independent Japanese painting group. Aiming to respect individuality and establish modern Japanese painting, the group held its first exhibition in November of the same year and added Irie Hako, a recipient of the Kokuga Prize, to its membership. It subsequently held exhibitions in Tokyo and Kyoto, providing a fresh stimulus to the Japanese painting world of the Taisho period.

From 1921 to 1923, exhibitions were temporarily suspended while members of the group traveled to Europe, but resumed in 1924. In 1926, Umehara Ryuzaburo, Kawashima Riichiro and others were welcomed to form the second section (Western painting), and in 1927, Tomimoto Kenkichi and Kaneko Kuheiji joined and established the crafts and sculpture sections, but after the 7th exhibition in 1928, the first section (Japanese painting) was dissolved due to financial reasons. The second section continued to exist, however, and was renamed Kokugakai, which continues to this day.

[Eriko Saeki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

美術団体。1916年（大正5）第11回文展の審査に対する不満を直接の動機として文展を離脱した京都の新鋭画家土田麦僊(ばくせん)、村上華岳(かがく)、小野竹喬(ちくきょう)、榊原紫峰(さかきばらしほう)に野長瀬晩花(のながせばんか)が加わり、翌17年竹内栖鳳(せいほう)、中井宗太郎を顧問に創始した日本画の在野団体。個性の尊重と近代的日本画の樹立を目ざし、同年11月第1回展を開催、国画賞受賞の入江波光(はこう)を同人に加え、以後東京と京都で展覧会を催し、大正期日本画壇に清新な刺激を与えた。

　1921～23年、同人渡欧のため展覧会は一時休止し、24年再開、26年には梅原龍三郎(りゅうざぶろう)、川島理一郎らを迎えて第二部（洋画）を、27年には富本憲吉、金子九平次(くへいじ)が入会して工芸部、彫刻部を設けたが、28年第7回展を最後に、第一部（日本画）は運営上の経済的事情を理由として解散した。なお第二部は存続、国画会と改称し現在に至っている。

［佐伯英里子］

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