Hong Pŏm-do (English spelling)

Japanese: 洪範図 - こうはんと（英語表記）Hong Pŏm‐do

1868‐1943
A Korean volunteer army commander and independence activist. Born to a farmer in Pyongyang (some say Jiseong or Yangdeok), he lived as a soldier, then a miner in Kapsan, Hamgyong Province, and a hunter. In 1907, the movement for volunteer armies spread nationwide, and in September of that year, the Gun and Explosives Control Act put pressure on hunters' livelihoods. In November, he raised a volunteer army with Cha Do Son and others, and was active in the mountainous areas of Hamgyong Province. In 1910, he moved his base to the Jiandao region of China, and transformed into an independence army movement. In 1919, during the March 1st Independence Movement, he advanced into Korea as commander-in-chief of the Korean Independence Army and defeated the Japanese army, and the following year, he defeated the Japanese army that had invaded Jiandao.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1868‐1943
朝鮮の義兵将，独立運動家。平壌(一説に慈城，陽徳)の雇農の生れ。兵士，ついで咸鏡道甲山の鉱山労働者，猟師として暮らした。1907年義兵闘争が全国的に拡大し，同年9月の銃砲火薬取締法により猟師の生業が圧迫されると，11月に車道善らと義兵を起こし，咸鏡道の山岳地帯で活躍した。10年には根拠地を中国間島地方へ移し，独立軍運動への転換を遂げた。19年，三･一独立運動に際しては大韓独立軍総司令として朝鮮国内に進撃して日本軍を破り，翌20年には間島に進攻した日本軍を撃破した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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