A forest protects railways, roads, homes, and villages from snowstorms by utilizing the wind speed reduction effect of the forest's existence. They are most commonly used along railway lines in areas with heavy snow and strong winds north of Hokuriku and Tohoku, where they are known as railway snowbreak forests. Many villages in areas with strong winter monsoons on the Japan Sea side have forests around their houses to protect against snow. The most common tree species used in snowbreak forests are Japanese fig, Norway spruce, larch, cedar, and red pine. Snowbreak forests usually refer to forests that protect against snowstorms, but they can also include forests that actively prevent the occurrence of avalanches and forests that prevent disasters. [Yoshito Kasahara] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
森林の存在による風速低下機能を利用し、鉄道、道路、住居、村落を吹雪(ふぶき)から守るための森林。もっとも多く利用されているのは、北陸・東北以北の多雪強風地帯の鉄道沿線で、鉄道防雪林とよばれる。日本海側の冬季季節風の強い地帯の村落には防雪のための屋敷林が設けられている所が多い。防雪林に利用される樹種は、トドマツ、ドイツトウヒ、カラマツ、スギ、アカマツが多い。防雪林は普通、吹雪防止林を意味するが、雪崩(なだれ)の発生を積極的に予防するとともに、災害を防止するための森林を含めることもある。 [笠原義人] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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