Village register - Gocho

Japanese: 郷帳 - ごうちょう

This is a book that lists the village tax rates for each province, prepared and submitted by feudal lords along with kuni-ezu (maps of provinces) by order of the Edo Shogunate. It is also called koku-go-cho (provincial village register). In 1604 (Keicho 9), Tokugawa Ieyasu followed Toyotomi Hideyoshi's orders for the preparation and collection of kuni-ezu (maps of provinces) and gozen-cho (land survey registers), and ordered the preparation and submission of kuni-ezu (maps of provinces) and gozen-cho (land survey registers). Orders to prepare kuni-ezu (maps of provinces) and gozen-cho (land survey registers) were subsequently issued in 1644 (Shoho 1), 1697 (Genroku 10), and 1831 (Tenpo 2), and the gochos submitted as a result of this were commonly known as Keicho-go-cho (provincial village register), Shoho-go-cho (provincial village register), Genroku-go-cho (provincial village register), and Tenpo-go-cho (tempo village register). The daimyo who had territory in that province was responsible for preparing the registers, and if there were multiple daimyo, the daimyo in charge was probably designated by the Shogunate. However, the Tenpo Gocho was compiled and compiled by the Shogunate Finance Magistrate's Office based on the Goson Takatsujicho submitted by each feudal lord. Therefore, the feudal lords did not have copies of the Tenpo Gocho. The Shoho Gocho records the village land area and village name for each village, the land area of each field, the name of the feudal lord, and the Shibayama and Haeyama mountains. The Goson Takatsujicho and Goson Takatsujicho, which record the village land area and village names within the domain and were compiled for each feudal lord at the time of the red seal revision, and the Narika Gocho (Otori Gocho), one of the three local ledgers, are also called Gocho.
→Related itemsGenroku period｜Village details book

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

江戸幕府の命令で，諸大名らにより国絵図とともに作成・提出された，１国単位に各村の村高を書き上げた帳簿。国郷帳とも称される。1604年（慶長９年），徳川家康は豊臣秀吉による国絵図・御前帳(ごぜんちょう)（検地帳）の作成命令と徴収をほぼ踏襲し，国絵図・御前帳（郷帳）の作成・提出を命じた。その後1644年（正保１年）・1697年（元禄10年）・1831年（天保２年）に作成の命が出され，これにより提出された郷帳はおのおの慶長郷帳・正保郷帳・元禄郷帳・天保郷帳と通称される。作成はその国に領知をもつ大名が担当し，複数の大名がいる場合は担当大名が幕府から指定されたとみられる。ただし天保郷帳は各領主から出された郷村高辻帳をもとに幕府勘定奉行所で集計・作成された。したがって諸大名らの手元に天保郷帳の控は存在しない。正保郷帳は１村ごとの村高・村名，田畑別の高，領主名，芝山・生(は)え山等を記す。なお朱印改の際に領主ごとに作成された領内の村高・村名を記す郷村高辻帳・郷村高帳，地方三帳の一つ成箇(なりか)郷帳（御取箇郷帳）も郷帳と称される。
→関連項目元禄時代｜村明細帳

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