Crossbreeding refers to crossbreeding between genera, species, or varieties of living organisms, while crossbreeding artificially to create new varieties is called crossbreeding. This method allows the individual advantages of two or more genera, species, or varieties to be combined in one individual. It is still the most widely used breeding method for creating unique varieties. Note that methods that utilize the hybrid vigor that appears in the first generation F1 after crossbreeding are often distinguished as hybrid vigor breeding. In living organisms, there are two ways of fertilization in the natural state: self-fertilization and allogamy. Livestock are primarily allogamy, but many crops, such as rice and wheat, are self-fertile. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
生物の属・種・品種間のかけ合わせを交雑といい,人工的に交雑を行い,新品種を作ることを交雑育種という。この方法によると,二つ以上の属・種・品種がもつ別々の長所を一つの個体に合わせることができる。変りものを作り出す技術として,現在でも最も多用されている育種法である。なお,交雑後第1代目F1に現れる雑種強勢を利用する方法は雑種強勢育種法として区別することが多い。生物には自然状態での受精のしかたに,自殖性(自家受精)と他殖性(他家受精)とがあり,家畜はおもに他殖性であるが,作物はイネやムギのように自殖性のものも多い。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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