Dogfish - Dogfish

Japanese: ドチザメ - どちざめ
Dogfish - Dogfish

A general term for a family or genus of the order Carcharhinidae, or the name of one of its species. The Triakidae (houndsharks) are characterized by oval eyes, a first dorsal fin in front of the pelvic fin, a second dorsal fin slightly smaller than the first dorsal fin, and a well-developed lower lobe of the caudal fin, and consist of nine genera. Of these, five species of the Triakis genus are known worldwide, and only one species, the banded houndshark T. scyllium , is found in the waters off Japan. This species is characterized by long, narrow eyes, wrinkled eyelids (scutum), wide dark vertical stripes or spots on the body, and three-cusped teeth that are slightly tilted outward. They prefer shallow waters 30 to 150 meters deep, and go into seaweed beds and brackish waters to prey on small animals such as shrimp and worms. They reproduce by non-placental viviparity, mating in June and July and giving birth to around 20 young fish, each about 30 centimeters long, in the spring. They grow to about 1.5 meters in length, but are gentle in nature and easy to raise, making them a common sight in aquariums. They are found along the coasts of Japan from southern Hokkaido southward, the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan, and China. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List lists them as "endangered" (as of September 2021).

[Kazuhiro Nakatani October 20, 2021]

[Reference] | Shark

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

軟骨魚綱メジロザメ目の科や属の総称、またはその1種の名称。ドチザメ科Triakidae(英名houndsharks)は目が楕円(だえん)形であること、第1背びれが腹びれより前にあり、第2背びれが第1背びれよりすこし小さいこと、尾びれ下葉が発達することなどが特徴で、9属からなる。そのうち、ドチザメ属Triakisには世界に5種が知られ、日本近海にはドチザメT. scyllium(英名banded houndshark)1種のみが分布する。同種は目が細長く、しわ状のまぶた(瞬皮)があること、体に幅の広い暗色の垂直の縞(しま)紋様や斑点(はんてん)があること、歯がやや外方に傾いた3尖頭(せんとう)であることなどが特徴である。水深30~150メートルの浅海を好み、藻場(もば)や汽水域にまで入り、エビやゴカイ類などの小動物を捕食する。生殖方法は非胎盤型の胎生で、6、7月に交尾し、春に30センチメートルくらいの子を20尾前後産む。全長1.5メートルほどになるが、性質は穏やかで、しかも飼育しやすいので水族館でよく見られる種である。北海道南部以南の日本各地、朝鮮半島、台湾、中国の沿岸に分布する。国際自然保護連合(IUCN)のレッド・リストでは、絶滅危惧(きぐ)種中の「危機」(EN)に指定されている(2021年9月時点)。

[仲谷一宏 2021年10月20日]

[参照項目] | サメ

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