Cross-match test (cross-match test)

Japanese: 交叉適合試験(交差適合試験) - こうさてきごうしけん(英語表記)cross match
Cross-match test (cross-match test)
This test is performed to prevent adverse reactions from blood transfusions due to blood type incompatibility. The most serious adverse reactions from blood transfusions are those due to red blood cell incompatibility, which is caused by hemolysis due to red blood cell antibodies. When performing a transfusion, tests are performed for the ABO and Rh D factors to select transfusions of the same type, but other blood types are not necessarily the same. If the patient or donor has antibodies for an untested blood type, there is a risk of hemolytic reactions. However, even if such antibodies are present, hemolysis will not occur if the patient's or donor's red blood cells do not have the corresponding antigen.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
血液型不適合による輸血の副作用を未然に防ぐために行われる検査。輸血の副作用で最も重篤なのは赤血球不適合輸血によるもので,その原因は赤血球抗体による溶血である。輸血を行う場合,ABO式とRh式のD因子について検査を行い同型のものを選んでいるが,これら以外の血液型がすべて同じであるとは限らない。もし未検査の血液型に関する抗体を患者または供血者がもっていれば,溶血性副作用の危険がある。しかし,このような抗体があっても,患者または供血者赤血球にこれと対応する抗原がなければ溶血反応は起こらない。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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