khams

Japanese: khams
khams


[Classification and phylogeny]
It has a long history of spreading over a vast area, and although there are marked differences in dialects, it is classified into five dialect groups. The classification names and main distribution areas are as follows: (1) Central dialects (U-Tsang, named after the U-Tsang region centered on Lhasa and the Tsang region centered on Shigatse) (2) Southeastern dialects (also called the Khams dialect): Naqu and Changdu areas of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Ganzi and Ataba Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, Diqing Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province, and Yushu Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province; (3) Northeastern dialects (also called the Amdo dialect): Qinghai Province, Gannan Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous Prefecture and Tianzhu Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous County in Gansu Province, and Ganzi and Ataba Tibetan (Zo) Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province; (4) Western dialects: In addition to the Balti dialect mentioned above, Ladakh region of the Kashmir region of India and Himachal Pradesh; (5) Southern dialects: Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Nepal, Sikkim, and Bhutan. Southern dialects include Sherpa of Nepal and Dzongkha, the national language of Bhutan.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "khams" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:


[分類と系統]
 広大な地域への拡散の歴史が古く,方言差が著しいが,五つの方言群に分類される。分類名とおもな分布地域は,(1)中央部方言(ラサを中心とするウュ(衛)dbus地方,シガツェを中心とするツァン(蔵)gtsang地方の名をとってウーツァンdbus gtsang方言ともいう):チベット自治区,(2)東南部方言(カム(康)khams方言ともいう):チベット自治区那曲・昌都地区,四川省甘孜・阿壩チベット(蔵)族自治州,雲南省迪慶チベット(蔵)族自治州,青海省玉樹チベット(蔵)族自治州,(3)東北部方言(アムド(安多)amdo方言ともいう):青海省,甘粛省甘南チベット(蔵)族自治州・天祝チベット(蔵)族自治県,四川省甘孜・阿壩チベット(蔵)族自治州,(4)西部方言:先のバルティー語のほかは,インドのカシミール地区ラダック地方,ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュ,(5)南部方言:ヒマーチャル・プラデーシュ,ウッタル・プラデーシュ,ネパール,シッキム,ブータン。ネパールのシェルパSherpa語,ブータンの国語ゾンカDzongkha語などは南部方言に含まれる。…

※「khams」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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