Zhang Wen Tao

A poet of the Qing Dynasty in China. His pen name was Zhongye and his pen name was Chuanshan. He was from Suining County, Sichuan Province. He was the great-great-grandson of Zhang Penghan, a wise minister under Emperor Yongzheng. He was a Jinshi in 1790 (the 55th year of the Qianlong era). He served as a junior official of the Hanlin Academy, a censor of the Censorship of the Metropolitan Censorship, and a langzhong officer in the Ministry of Personnel, before retiring to become governor of Laizhou Prefecture in Shandong Province. He lived in Suzhou and traveled around the Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions. He was skilled in poetry, and during his time as a capital official, he was closest to Hong Liangji. It was Hong who created the opportunity for him to be recognized by Yuan Mei. He was known throughout the Qing Dynasty as the number one poet from Sichuan Province, and his fresh, lyrical style, which embraced the theory of the soul, won him many admirers in Japan from the end of the Edo period through the Meiji period. He was a master of both calligraphy and painting. He has written a collection of 26 volumes of "Funayama Shiso."

[Ichiro Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)代の詩人。字(あざな)は仲冶(ちゅうや)、号は船山(せんざん)。四川(しせん)省遂寧(すいねい)県の出身。雍正(ようせい)帝のときの賢相、大学士張鵬翮(ちょうほうかく)の玄孫。1790年（乾隆55）の進士。翰林院(かんりんいん)庶吉士(しょきつし)から都察院御史、吏部郎中を歴任し、山東省莱州(らいしゅう)府知事に転じて退官。蘇州(そしゅう)に住んで江蘇・浙江(せっこう)地方を遊歴した。詩に優れ、京官時代には洪亮吉(こうりょうきつ)ともっとも交際が密だった。彼が袁枚(えんばい)に認められる契機をつくったのも、洪だった。四川省出身の詩人中、清代を通じて第一の称があり、性霊(せいれい)説を奉じ清新にして叙情的なその作風は、江戸末期から明治にかけて、日本でも多くの愛好者を得た。書画はともに一家をなしている。『船山詩草』26巻がある。

［佐藤一郎］

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