The public interest literally means the public interest, that is, the interest of society in general, and is a similar concept to public welfare, but it is difficult to determine its content. This is because the public interest is often cited to protest and criticize situations that are thought to be contrary to it, so the emphasis on the content of the public interest will naturally differ depending on the matter being criticized, and the perspective will also differ depending on who is judging or asserting the public interest. The public interest is emphasized as a reason when defending or prioritizing a certain public policy or restricting the exercise of individual rights. Therefore, the public interest is used not only in legitimate ways, but also for the self-assertion of power and the suppression of freedom. In order to make the public interest a rational and effective concept, it is important to have free and rational discussions in society and accumulate precedents. [Yoshiaki Iizaka] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
公益は文字どおり公共の利益、つまり社会一般の利益を表し、公共の福祉と似た概念であるが、その内容を確定することはむずかしい。というのは、公益が引き合いに出されるのは、これに反すると思われるような事態に対して抗議し、それを批判するために用いられることが多いので、批判しようとする事柄いかんによって、公益の内容の強調点はおのずから異なるであろうし、また公益を判定または主張するものがだれかによっても、見方が異なってくるからである。ある公共政策を擁護ないし優先させるためや、個人の権利の行使を制限しようとする場合に、公益がその理由として強調される。したがって公益は、正当な用いられ方ばかりでなく、権力の自己主張や自由の抑圧のためにも用いられる。公益を合理的で有効な概念たらしめるためには、社会における自由で理性的な討論や判例の積み重ねがたいせつであろう。 [飯坂良明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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