Order Cetacea, Suborder Mysticeti, Family Right Whale, Genus Right Whale. Body length 17-18m. Weight 80-100t. Length at birth 4.5-6m. Body is black, but some have white spots. Head is extremely large, reaching one third of body length. Upper edge of lower jaw is arched upwards, so it can be seen from above. Upper and lower jaws have raised scaly layers of keratin, the number and shape of which vary from individual to individual, so they are used for individual identification. Pectoral and caudal fins are large, but dorsal fin is not. There are two blowholes, which are separated on the left and right, so the blowhole shoots up in a V-shape nearly 5m. Inside the mouth, there are 200-270 baleen on each side on the upper jaw, some of which reach 3m in length. The plate-like and ciliated parts of the baleen are brownish gray or black. It takes in seawater through the front of its open mouth and filters it with its baleen, feeding mainly on planktonic crustaceans of the Calanoidae family. It has a slow swimming speed and relatively sluggish movements. It gives birth from winter to spring, and breeds in tropical or subtropical regions. It lives in temperate to subarctic convergent waters. Because it has a thick layer of blubber under its skin, it has been targeted for capture from around the 11th century for the purpose of harvesting whale oil, but due to a sharp decline in its population, all capture was banned in 1936. It is an endangered species. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
クジラ目ヒゲクジラ亜目セミクジラ科セミクジラ属。体長 17~18m。体重 80~100t。出生体長 4.5~6m。全身黒色を呈するが,部分的に白斑がみられるものがある。頭部が著しく大きく体長の3分の1に達する。下顎の上縁が大きく弓状にせり上がっているために頭部上面から観察できる。上顎と下顎にはかさぶた状になった角質層の盛上がりがみられ,個体によってその数や形状が異なるので,個体識別に用いられている。胸鰭 (むなびれ) と尾鰭は大きく,背鰭はない。噴気孔は2個で,左右に離れているために噴気がV字状に 5m近く吹上がる。口内の上顎上面に片側 200~270枚のくじらひげを有し,なかには長さ 3mに達するものもある。ひげの板状部および繊毛部は茶灰色あるいは黒色。開いた口の正面から海水を取込みくじらひげでこし取るようにして,おもに浮遊性甲殻類のカラヌス類を捕食している。遊泳速度が遅く,動作が比較的緩慢である。出産期は冬~春で,繁殖場は熱帯あるいは亜熱帯域。温帯から亜寒帯収束水域にかけて生息する。皮下に厚い脂肪層を有するために鯨油採取の目的から 11世紀頃より捕獲の対象となり,現存数が激減したため 1936年に全面捕獲禁止となる。絶滅危惧種。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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