Xiang Ying - Kouei

A leader of the Chinese Communist Party. His courtesy name was Delong. He was from Huangpi County, Hubei Province, and was of working-class background. Influenced by the Russian Revolution and the May Fourth Movement, he participated in the labor movement. In 1922, he joined the Chinese Communist Party. In 1925, he became a member of the Executive Committee of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. In 1928, he participated in the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China held in Moscow. He was elected as a member of the Central Executive Committee and a Political Commissar. In 1929, he became Chairman of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. In 1930, he entered the Jiangxi Soviet District, and in 1931, he was elected Vice Chairman and People's Commissar of Labor of the Provisional Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic. In 1934, during the Red Army's Long March, he remained in the former Soviet district with Chen Yi to protect the retreat route. In January 1938, when the newly formed Fourth Army was officially established, he became its deputy commander and political commissar. He was killed in action in January 1941 during the Kannan Incident (New Fourth Army Incident).

[Noriyuki Ishijima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国共産党の指導者。字(あざな)は徳竜。湖北(こほく)省黄陂(こうひ)県の人。労働者出身。ロシア革命と五・四運動の影響を受けて労働運動に参加した。1922年中国共産党に入党。1925年中華全国総工会執行委員。1928年モスクワで開かれた中国共産党六全大会に参加。中央執行委員、政治委員に選出された。1929年全国総工会議長。1930年江西ソビエト区に入り、1931年中華ソビエト共和国臨時政府の副主席兼労働人民委員に選ばれた。1934年紅軍の長征に際して、退路擁護のため陳毅(ちんき)とともに旧ソビエト区に残留。1938年1月、新編第四軍の正式な創設にあたり、その副軍長兼政治委員となった。1941年1月皖南(かんなん)事件（新四軍事件）で戦死した。

［石島紀之］

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