A resolution on the relationship between the trade union movement and political parties adopted at the Amiens Congress of the French General Confederation of Labor (CGT) in October 1906. It was adopted to clarify the relationship with the French Socialist Party, which was unified in 1905, and the anarchists who had infiltrated the CGT. This resolution, which stipulated that "the trade union movement will maintain its distance from any political party or sect, and will pursue the class struggle independently through means specific to the workers, including general strikes," is known as a declaration of the basic principles of French syndicalism, and was later known as the "Constitution of Amiens." In particular, the rejection of political representation through parliaments and political parties, and the promotion of "direct action" by workers themselves at the point of production, are considered the culmination of workers' socialism that grew up in 19th century France. Furthermore, the provision that "trade unions, which are today organizations of resistance, will in the future become organizations of production and distribution and the foundation for the reorganization of society" has a strong economic federalist character that considers trade unions to be the basic units of socialist society, clearly making clear a position that is also consistent with later self-managed socialism. [Minoru Tanikawa] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
1906年10月、フランス労働総同盟(CGT)のアミアン大会において採択された労働組合運動と政党との関係に関する決議。1905年に統一されたフランス社会党、およびCGTに浸透していたアナキストとの関係を明確にするために採択されたものである。「労働組合運動は、いかなる政党やセクトとも距離を保ち、ゼネストをはじめとする労働者に固有の手段により自立的に階級闘争を追求する」と規定したこの決議は、フランスのサンジカリズムの基本理念を宣言したものとして知られ、後世とくに「アミアン憲章」と呼び慣らわされた。とりわけ、議会や政党を介した政治的代行の排斥と、労働者自身による生産点での「直接行動」の称揚は、19世紀フランスに生い育った労働者社会主義の極致とみなされている。また、「今日抵抗の組織である労働組合は、将来は生産と分配の組織として社会再編成の土台となる」という規定には、労働組合を社会主義社会の基礎単位と考える経済連合主義的な性格が濃厚であり、後の自主管理的社会主義にも通じる立場が鮮明にされている。 [谷川 稔] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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