Yodo Domain

The Fudai Domain ruled the area around Yodo in Yamashiro Province (Kyoto City). Yodo is a strategic location on the southwest outskirts of Kyoto, at the confluence of the Katsura, Uji, and Kizu rivers, on the border between Yamashiro and Settsu and Kawachi. During the Genki era (1570-1573), the Miyoshi Trio built a fort there, and during the Tensho era (1573-1592), Toyotomi Hideyoshi built a castle there as a vanguard for Fushimi in Kyoto. In 1623 (Genwa 9) during the Edo period, work began on rebuilding the abandoned castle, and Matsudaira Sadatsuna was moved from Kakegawa in Totomi to establish the Yodo Domain (35,000 koku). Materials from Fushimi Castle were reused, and Yodo Castle was completed in 1625 (Kan'ei 2). Since then, the area saw many changes of lords, with Nagai Naomasa (100,000 koku) in 1633, Ishikawa Noriyuki in 1770 (Kanbun 10), Toda Matsudaira Mitsuhiro in 1711 (Shotoku 1), and Ogyu Matsudaira Norisato in 1717 (Kyoho 2) (all three families with approximately 60,000 koku) entering the area one after another. However, after Inaba Masatomo entered the area in 1723, the succession continued through the Meiji period.

The Inaba clan was a branch of the Inaba clan of Usuki in Bungo Province, and in 1627 (Kan'ei 4) during the reign of Masanari, they received 20,000 koku in Moka, Shimotsuke Province, and his wife, as Kasuga no Tsubone, raised the future third shogun, Tokugawa Iemitsu, and as a result, their eldest son, Masakatsu, served as a senior councilor and was given an increased fief of 85,000 koku in Odawara in 1632 (Kan'ei 9). They were then transferred to Yodo via Takada in Echigo and Sakura in Shimousa. After Masatomo, 12 generations of the Shogunate, including Masatomo, Masatsune, Masachika, Masayoshi, Masahiro, Masanobu, Masachika, Masaharu, Masamori, Masayoshi, and Masakuni, held the fief of about 102,000 koku until the end of the Edo period. Masakuni cooperated with Matsudaira Katamori, the Kyoto Shugoshoku (protector of Kyoto), as Kyoto Shoshidai, then became a Roju (senior councilor), and in 1867 (Keio 3) participated in the Shogunate's key roles as Director General of Domestic Affairs. However, when the Battle of Toba-Fushimi broke out, he foresaw the times and took a neutral stance, not allowing the fleeing Shogunate forces into the castle. In 1871 (Meiji 4), the domain was abolished and, after becoming Yodo Prefecture, was incorporated into Kyoto Prefecture.

[Yoshitomo Hirai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

山城(やましろ)国淀（京都市）周辺を領した譜代(ふだい)藩。淀の地は京都の南西郊、桂(かつら)川、宇治(うじ)川、木津(きづ)川の合流するあたり、山城と摂津・河内(かわち)の境界に位置する要地で、元亀(げんき)年間（1570～73）に三好(みよし)三人衆が砦(とりで)をつくり、天正(てんしょう)年間（1573～92）には豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉が京都・伏見(ふしみ)の前衛として城を築いていた。江戸時代1623年（元和9）に至り、廃城の再興工事に着手、松平定綱(さだつな)を遠江(とおとうみ)掛川(かけがわ)より移して淀藩（3万5000石）をおこし、伏見城の材を転用して25年（寛永2）に淀城は完工した。以来、この地は領主の交代が繁(しげ)く、1633年には永井尚政(なおまさ)（10万石）、70年（寛文10）には石川憲之(のりゆき)、1711年（正徳1）には戸田松平光煕(みつひろ)、17年（享保2）には大給(おぎゅう)松平乗邑(のりさと)（以上3氏約6万石）が相次いで入部したが、23年に稲葉正知(いなばまさとも)が入って以来、子孫世襲して明治に至った。

　稲葉氏は元豊後臼杵(ぶんごうすき)の稲葉氏の支族、1627年（寛永4）正成(まさなり)のとき、下野真岡(しもつけもおか)で2万石を得、その妻は春日局(かすがのつぼね)として後の3代将軍徳川家光(いえみつ)を養育したことから、嫡子正勝(まさかつ)は老中を勤め、加増され1632年（寛永9）小田原8万5000石を受けた。その後、越後(えちご)高田、下総(しもうさ)佐倉を経て淀へ移封となったのである。正知以後、正任(まさとう)、正恒(まさつね)、正親(まさちか)、正益(まさよし)、正弘(まさひろ)、正諶(まさのぶ)、正備(まさちか)、正発(まさはる)、正守(まさもり)、正誼(まさよし)、正邦(まさくに)と12代在封、おおむね10万2000石を領して幕末に至る。正邦は京都所司代として京都守護職松平容保(かたもり)に協力、ついで老中に任じ、1867年（慶応3）より国内事務総裁として幕府の枢機に参じたが、鳥羽(とば)・伏見(ふしみ)の戦いが起こると時代を先見し、敗走する旧幕軍を城内に入れず、中立的立場をとった。71年（明治4）廃藩となり、淀県を経て京都府に編入された。

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