1881‐1938 Leader of the Turkish homeland liberation movement after World War I. First president of the Republic of Turkey (1923-38). Also known as Kemal Pasha. Born in Thessaloniki to a family of low-ranking officials. Graduated from the Military School in Thessaloniki in 1896, the Military High School in Manastur in 1899, and the Military University in Istanbul in 1905. Sent to the 5th Army stationed in Damascus, where in 1906 he founded the secret society "Homeland and Freedom" with the aim of fighting against the dictatorship of Sultan Abdül Hamid II. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1881‐1938 第1次世界大戦後におけるトルコの祖国解放運動の指導者。トルコ共和国初代大統領(1923‐38)。ケマル・パシャとも呼ばれる。テッサロニキの下級官吏の家に生まれる。1896年テッサロニキの陸軍中等学校,99年マナストゥルの陸軍高等学校,1905年イスタンブールの陸軍大学卒業。ダマスクス駐屯の第5軍に派遣され,06年同地でアブデュルハミト2世に対する反専制運動を目的とする秘密結社〈祖国と自由〉を設立した。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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