Norman Dynasty

Japanese: ノルマン朝 - ノルマンちょう(英語表記)Norman Dynasty
Norman Dynasty
An English dynasty (1066-1154). As a result of the Norman Conquest, William, Duke of Normandy, ascended to the throne as William I (reigned 1066-87). This marked the beginning of the Norman dynasty. William I introduced the continental feudal system and ruled England, but after his death his eldest son Robert inherited the Duke of Normandy, and his second son William II (reigned 87-1100) inherited the throne of England. Conflict arose between these two, but after William II's death his younger brother Henry I (reigned 1100-35), who became King of England, defeated his brother Robert, annexed the Duchy of Normandy, and worked to improve the national system. When Henry I died without a male heir, his sister Adela's son Stephen (r. 35-54) became king, but Henry I's daughter Matilda, who was married to the French Count of Anjou at the time, claimed the throne, and fighting broke out between them. For the next 20 years, England was in a state of civil war, and in 1154 Stephen died, and Matilda's son ascended to the throne as Henry II, establishing the Plantagenet (Anjou) dynasty, which marked the end of Norman rule.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
イギリスの王朝 (1066~1154) 。ノルマン・コンクェストの結果,ノルマンディー公ウィリアムがウィリアム1世 (在位 1066~87) として即位した。これがノルマン朝の創始である。ウィリアム1世は大陸の封建制度を導入してイングランドを支配したが,その死後長男ロベールがノルマンディー公位を,次男ウィリアム2世 (在位 87~1100) がイングランド王位を相続。この両者の間に争いが生じたが,ウィリアム2世の死後イングランド王となった弟のヘンリー1世 (在位 1100~35) は,兄のロベールを破ってノルマンディー公国を併合し,国制の整備に努めた。ヘンリー1世が男子の嫡子なくして死ぬと,その妹アデラの子のスティーブン (在位 35~54) が王位を称したが,ヘンリー1世の娘で当時フランスのアンジュー伯に嫁していたマティルダが王位を要求し,両者の間に戦いが始った。以後約 20年間イングランドは内乱の状態を続け,1154年スチーブンが死んで,マティルダの子がヘンリー2世として即位し,プランタジネット朝 (アンジュー朝) を開いたので,ノルマン朝の支配は終った。

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