Es. Atomic number 99. Electron configuration [Rn]5f 11 7s 2. 7th transuranium element discovered. Named after A. Einstein. In December 1952, A. Ghiorso and others at the University of California (Berkeley) identified 253 Es with a half-life of 20.5 d in the residue of the first hydrogen bomb test at Eniwetok Atoll in November of the same year. It is obtained by sequential neutron absorption (in a nuclear reactor). Starting with 249 Pu, 3 mg of Es was produced over several years at the High Flux Isotope Production Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In 1961, 0.01 mg of 253 Es was used as a raw material for producing mendelevium. A metal with a melting point of 1133 °C. First ionization energy 629.0 kJ mol -1 (6.52 eV). Oxidation states 2 and 3. In aqueous solution, it is considered to be Es 3+ . Currently, there are 19 known isotopes ranging from 240 to 258. The isotope with mass number 252 is the longest-lived with a half-life of 471 days. [CAS 7429-92-7][see alternative terms] α decay, orbital electron capture Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
Es.原子番号99の元素.電子配置[Rn]5f 117s2の周期表3族アクチノイド元素.7番目に発見された超ウラン元素.A. Einstein(アインシュタイン)にちなんで命名された.1952年12月,カリフォルニア大学(バークレー校)のA. Ghiorsoらによって,同年11月のエニウェトク環礁での最初の水爆実験の残分中から,半減期20.5 d の253Esが確認された.逐次中性子吸収(原子炉中)で得られる.249Puから出発してオークリッジ国立研究所の高中性子束同位体製造用原子炉(HFIR)によって,数年間かかって3 mg のEsが製造された.1961年に,0.01 mg の253Esがメンデレビウム製造の原料として用いられた.融点1133 ℃ の金属.第一イオン化エネルギー629.0 kJ mol-1(6.52 eV).酸化数2,3.水溶液中で Es3+ と考えられている.現在,知られている同位体核種は240~258の範囲に19種.質量数252の核種がもっとも長寿命で半減期471 d.[CAS 7429-92-7][別用語参照]α崩壊,軌道電子捕獲 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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