This refers to the common Japanese name given to living things, such as the northern fox and the wild cherry. Animals and plants have scientific names based on the International Code of Nomenclature, which are widely used both inside and outside the country, but because they are composed of Latin or similar words, they are generally inconvenient, so common names are given to major living things in each country. Japanese names are names used within Japan, but because the national language is unique, they are given to far more species than in other countries. Japanese names are usually written in katakana, and since there are no specific rules regulating them, most are based on custom, but there are often more than two names for one species, and some are considered to be colloquial or local names (dialects). When talking about Japanese names, it is generally a standard name, so it is preferable to use a name that is as widely known as possible. [Takehiko Nakane] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
生物につけられた日本語の通称名のことをいい、キタキツネ、ヤマザクラなどがそれである。動植物には「国際命名規約」に基づいて名づけられた学名があって、国の内外を問わず広く通用するが、ラテン語ないしはそれに準じた語で構成されているため、一般には不便なので、それぞれの国でおもな生物に対しては通称名が与えられている。和名は日本国内で通用する名称であるが、国語が特殊なため外国に比べてはるかに多くの種につけられている。和名は、通常、片仮名で記し、とくにこれを規制する規約がないので多くは慣用によるが、1種類に二つ以上の名があることも多く、俗称あるいは地方的な呼称(方言)と考えられるものもある。和名という場合には、いちおう標準的なものをさすので、なるべく広く知られた名を用いることが望ましい。 [中根猛彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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