A cold-tolerant bulbous plant of the Gesneriaceae family (APG classification: Gesneriaceae). Its Japanese name is Oiwagirisou. Native to Brazil, it was discovered in 1785, and was subsequently bred in Europe before being introduced to Japan in the early Meiji period. The leaves grow from tuberous bulbs, are short-stalked, oblong-shaped, fleshy, and somewhat large, and are densely hairy all over. In summer, flower stalks grow from the leaf axils, and several large bell-shaped flowers open diagonally upward. The flowers are 7 to 8 centimeters in diameter, velvety, and have 5 to 8 lobes in the corolla. The flowers are red, purple, and white, and in addition to those with white flower tubes, some have ringed edges and some have fine spots. Most are single-flowered, but there are also double-flowered varieties. There are two types of varieties: the Classicfolia type, which blooms early with medium flowers, and the Grandiflora type, which blooms with large flowers and many flowers. The optimum temperature for cultivation is 18-25°C, but it is weak to cold and will die at temperatures below 5°C. It grows well in partial shade and humid conditions, and is suitable for cultivation in shaded greenhouses. It can be enjoyed for a fairly long period of time indoors from May to June. It is propagated by bulb division, seedlings, and leaf cuttings. Bulbs are buried in moist sand in late March and kept at about 25°C until they sprout, then planted in a pot. Seeds are sown in October, raised in high temperatures in winter, and planted in a pot in March. For leaf cuttings, insert a cut leaf with a 4cm petiole into perlite or similar, and a bulb will form at the cut in about 2 months. The planting soil should be about 4 parts akadama soil, 4 parts leaf mold, and 2 parts peat moss. [Hisao Tsurushima July 16, 2021] There are many cultivars, with red, purple, and white flowers, as well as ones with rings and fine spots. Most are single-flowered, but there are also double-flowered varieties. ©Shogakukan Photo by Masatoshi Hirose "> Gloxinia Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イワタバコ科(APG分類:イワタバコ科)の不耐寒性球根草。和名オオイワギリソウ。ブラジル原産で、1785年に発見され、その後ヨーロッパで品種改良が行われ、日本へは明治初年に渡来した。葉は塊根状の球根から展開し、短い柄があり長楕円(ちょうだえん)形の多肉質でやや大きく、全面に毛を密生する。夏、葉腋(ようえき)から花茎を伸ばし、大きい鐘状花を数個斜め上向きに開く。花は径7~8センチメートル、ビロード状で花冠は5~8裂する。花色は赤、紫、白で、花筒が白色のもののほか、覆輪のもの、細かい斑点(はんてん)の入るものがある。多くは一重咲きであるが八重咲きもある。品種の系統には中輪早咲きのクラシックフォーリア系と大輪多花性のグランディフローラ系がある。 栽培適温は18~25℃で、寒さには弱く、5℃以下では枯死する。半日陰の多湿状態でよく育ち、日よけをした温室内で栽培するのに適し、5~6月の家庭の室内ではかなり長期間観賞できる。繁殖は分球、実生(みしょう)、葉挿しによる。球根は3月下旬ころ、湿った砂などに埋め、25℃ほどに保って芽出ししてから鉢に植える。種子は10月ころ播(ま)き、冬季は高温下で育苗し、3月ころ鉢に植える。葉挿しは4センチメートルくらいの葉柄をつけて切った葉をパーライトなどに挿すと、2か月くらいで切り口に球根ができる。植え付けの用土は赤玉土4、腐葉土4、ピートモス2くらいの割合とする。 [鶴島久男 2021年7月16日] 園芸品種が多く、花色が赤、紫、白色のもののほか、覆輪、細かい斑点が入るものなどもある。多くは一重咲きであるが八重咲きもある©Shogakukan 撮影/広瀬雅敏"> グロキシニア 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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