A fishing ground shared by all farmers - Soubyakushokyoyuugyojo

Japanese: 総百姓共有漁場 - そうびゃくしょうきょうゆうぎょじょう

In the Edo period, the right to occupy and use fishing grounds was generally shared by all peasants. It is believed that fishing grounds shared by all peasants (village common fishing grounds, common fishing grounds for all peasants, village-owned fishing grounds) were widely established under the feudal domain system. The feudal domain system, which was established with the Taiko land survey as a turning point, promoted the independence of a wide range of direct producers and made it the basis of rule. These were the so-called hon-hyakusho (real peasants) (even in the case of fishermen, they were peasants in status, and at that time fishermen who did not own farmland were considered exceptional). Hon-hyakusho not only occupied farmland and paid regular taxes, but also had to perform household duties for the feudal lord as full-fledged peasants.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代の漁場占有利用権は一般に総百姓の共有であった。総百姓共有漁場(村中入会漁場，総百姓入会漁場，村持漁場)は，幕藩体制のもとで広範に成立したとみられる。太閤検地を画期として成立した幕藩体制は広範な直接生産者層の独立を推し進め，それを支配の基礎とした。それがいわゆる本百姓である(漁師の場合も，身分上は百姓であり，当時は耕地を保持していない漁師は例外的にしか考えられない)。本百姓は耕地を占有して正租を上納するばかりでなく，一人前の百姓として領主のための夫役をつとめる者でなければならなかった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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