Akademia (Greek: Akadēmeia)

The academy was founded by Plato around 385 BC. It was named after its location in the sanctuary of the demigod Akadēmos, in the northwestern suburbs of Athens. Plato lived an ascetic life here with his students, placing particular importance on the study of mathematics. After his death, successive heads of the academy took over, and skepticism became prevalent in the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC, before becoming the center of Neoplatonic philosophy in the 5th century AD. It was closed in 529 by order of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I. This is the origin of the "Academy."

[Shoji Kiyonaga]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

プラトンが紀元前385年ごろに開いた学園。アテネの北西郊外、半神アカデモスAkadēmosの神域にあったので、この名がある。プラトンはここで弟子たちと禁欲的な共同生活を営み、とくに数学の研究を重んじた。彼の死後は代々の学頭が後を継ぎ、前3～前2世紀には懐疑論が有力となり、後5世紀には新プラトン主義哲学の中心となったが、529年にビザンティン皇帝ユスティニアヌス1世の命により閉鎖された。「アカデミー」の起源。

［清永昭次］

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