Born June 19, 1941 in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Czech economist and politician. Prime Minister (1993-97) and President (2003-). Graduated from the University of Economics in Prague in 1963, he became a researcher at the Institute of Economics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and received his PhD in Economics in 1968. After working for several years at the Czechoslovak Central Bank, he began working at the Institute of Forecasting of the Academy of Sciences in 1987. He entered politics after the Velvet Revolution of 1989. He served as Minister of Finance from 1989 to 1992, and joined the Civic Forum, becoming its leader in 1990. In 1991, after the Civic Forum split, Klaus co-founded the center-right Civic Democratic Party, which he led until 2002. After the peaceful separation of the two constituent Czechoslovak republics, Slovakia and the Czech Republic, in January 1993, Klaus became Prime Minister and worked to transition the country to a free market economy. Under his leadership, the new Czech Republic achieved considerable economic growth. In 1997, he was forced to resign due to a political donation scandal linked to the Civic Democratic Party, but he continued to be active in politics and was elected as the second president in 2003. Klaus |
[生]1941.6.19. チェコスロバキア,プラハ チェコの経済学者,政治家。首相(在任 1993~97),大統領(在任 2003~ )。1963年,プラハ経済大学を卒業,チェコスロバキア科学アカデミー経済研究所研究員となり,1968年に経済学博士号を取得した。チェコスロバキア中央銀行に数年間勤務したのち,1987年には科学アカデミー予測研究所で働き始めた。1989年のビロード革命を機に政界入りする。1989~92年に財務大臣を務め,市民フォーラムに参画,1990年には党首に就任した。1991年,市民フォーラムが分裂すると,クラウスは中道右派の市民民主党の共同設立者となり,2002年まで党首を務めた。1993年1月,チェコスロバキアを構成していたスロバキアとチェコが平和裏に分離したあと首相に就任し,自由市場経済への移行に力を尽くした。クラウスの指導力のもと,新生チェコはかなりの経済成長を遂げた。1997年には市民民主党がらみの政治献金疑惑により辞任を余儀なくされたが,その後も政治活動を続け,2003年に第2代大統領に選出された。 クラウス
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