A city in northeastern Massachusetts, USA. It faces Massachusetts Bay, about 25 km northeast of Boston. It was founded in 1626, and the first Congregational Church was established there in 1629. It is known as the site of the witch hunt in 1692, in which 19 women were executed. Trade flourished as a seaport from the late 18th century to the early 19th century, but as ships became larger, it lost its position to Boston and New York. It has striven to develop industry, producing electronic parts and leather products. It is the birthplace of Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author known for "The Scarlet Letter," and there are buildings that reflect the heyday of trade, such as Gardiner-Pingry House (1804). There are the Witch Museum, the Peabody Essex Museum, where Edward Sylvester Morse served as director in his later years and which houses his Japanese collection, and Salem State University (established in 1854). Population: 40,407 (2000). Salem |
アメリカ合衆国,マサチューセッツ州北東部にある都市。ボストンの北東約 25km,マサチューセッツ湾に面する。1626年に建設され,1629年最初の会衆派教会が設立された。1692年に 19人の女性を処刑した魔女狩りが行なわれた地として知られる。18世紀後期から 19世紀初期に貿易が盛んとなり海港として繁栄したが,船舶の大型化に伴いボストンやニューヨークにその地位を奪われた。工業の発展に努め,電子部品,皮製品などを産する。『緋文字』で知られる作家ナサニエル・ホーソーンの生地で,ガーディナー=ピングリー・ハウス(1804)に代表される貿易全盛時代を反映した建物が残っている。魔女博物館,エドワード・シルベスター・モースが晩年に館長を務め,その日本コレクションを収蔵するピーボディ・エセックス博物館,セーレム州立大学 (1854創立) などがある。人口 4万407 (2000) 。
セーレム
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